For sale: Burmese virgins
ျမန္မာျပည္၏ ပန္းေတာ္ဦး ေရာင္းရန္ရိွသည္
ဂိုလ္ရွယ္ေလး
၁၉၈၈ ေသြးေျမက် စစ္အာဏာသိမ္းမွဳၾကီး၏ အက်ိဳးဆက္ရလဒ္က ဥပေဒမဲ႔အေျခေနတခုလံုးဆီသို႔
In the aftermath of the second military bloody coup in 1988 the lawless situation deteriorated further. The authorities continue to enjoy absolute impunity for all violations of political and economic rights and rule of law is denied throughout the country resulting in the collapse of individual economic life and leading to general poverty.
စစ္အစိုးရဆိုေသာ ေခါင္းစဥ္၏ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္မွဳေအာက္တြင္ ျမန္မာ စစ္အာဏာပိုင္မ်ားက ေက်းလက္ေဒသမ်ားတြင္ သူတို႔ကို သူတို႔ မဟာ စစ္ဘုရင္ၾကီးမ်ားသဖြယ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္လုပ္ကိုင္ၾကျပီး ထိုေက်းလက္ေဒသမ်ားတြင္၇ိွေသ
Under the military government, Burmese Army commanders act as warlords in rural areas where they order the village headmen and local authorities as they wish.
ျမန္မာ စစ္အစိုးရမွ “ကိုဖန္ကန္း သေဘာတူစာခ်ဳပ္” ဟုအမည္ရေသာ ယူအန္ႏွင္႔ ပတ္သက္ေသာ အဖြဲ႔စည္းမ်ားျဖစ္သည္႔ အေရးပါေသာ အဖြဲ႔ ကုလသမဂၢ ဖြံ႔ျဖိဳးတိုးတက္ေရး အစီစဥ္ အဖြဲ႔ ( ယူအန္ဒီပီ)၏ သေဘာတူခ်က္ကို မ်က္ႏွာလြဲခဲပစ္လုပ္ထားပံုမ
While the military regime ignores the Copenhagen agreement, some UN agencies, mainly the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), disregard the 1986 UN Declaration on the Right to Development.
ေၾကးလက္ေဒသမ်ား၏ ေန႔တဓူ၀ ၀င္ေငြရွာပံုမွာ ေတာက္တိုမယ္ရေလးမ်ားေရာင္းခ
Income in rural areas is earned by selling consumer goods and chai (illegal lottery tickets), trading, dress-making, mat-knotting, plant growing and rice harvesting. However there are large numbers of unemployed women, many of whom enter Thailand, China and other Asia region, illegally to find work in the fishing, construction and sex industries. Selling sex is culturally unacceptable in Burma, but due to deteriorating economic conditions, low wages and unemployment, women from different communities and classes have become sex workers in order to survive.
ျမန္မာ အစိုးရမွ ဆင္ႏြဲလာေသာ စစ္မက္ျဖစ္ပြါးေနသည္ေဒသအတြင
Many women in the war conflict zone waged by Myanmar government have also fled their homes and illegally migrated to Thailand in the face of rape, arbitrary arrest, summary execution and forced labour. Women are deceived by (often female) traffickers into believing that they will have a good job in Thailand, but are then forced into prostitution, resulting in the massive spread of HIV/AIDS.
လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖေရးလုပ္ငန္း (ျပည္႔တန္ဆာ)၏ မူရင္းေရေသာက္ျမစ္သည္ အမ်ိဳးသမီးတို႔၏ အညီမ်ွခံစားပိုင္ခြင႔္ရိွေသ
The root cause of prostitution is family poverty directly related to a lack of equal economic rights for women and is perpetuated by the military regime - the same regime which ratified by tricking to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW).
ထပ္မံ အတည္ျပဳတင္ျပရေသာ္၊ ျပည္နယ္တိုင္းဆိုင္ရာ အာဏာပိုင္မ်ားႏွင္႔ ျမန္မာ စစ္ဘက္ဆိုင္ရာ အရာရိွမ်ားကိုယ္တိုင္ပင္ လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖေရးလုပ္ငန္းႏွင
Additionally, state authorities and Burmese Army commanders are also involved in the sex trade and prostitution. Since the brothel business is illegal in Burma, brothel owners must pay bribes to authorities and army commanders for permission to operate or involve them as shareholders. In some cases, the authorities or army commanders also operate brothels for extra income.
ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံအတြင္း အမ်ားက သတိမျပဳမိေသာ လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖမွဳေရာင္း၀ယ္ေရ
Most sex tourists in Thailand are unaware they may actually not be with a Thai woman at all... in fact, it's highly likely the woman may be from Myanmar (or Cambodia, Laos...). Burmese women can be found working in many countries in the Asia region, including domestically and it's reported that Nagis catastrophic typhoon has led to a huge increase of commercial sex workers in the capital Yangon.
ထိုင္းႏိုငံအတြင္းမွ ျပည္႔တန္ဆာလုပ္ငန္းသည္ အေျခေန ပံုစံတမ်ိဳးသို႔ အလွည္႔ေျပာင္းျဖစ္ေနေလျပီ၊ အေၾကာင္းမွာ ျပည္႔တန္ဆာလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအား ထိုင္းအမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားကုိယ္တ
Prostitution in Thailand is changing its face. Because of persistent
campaigning by the government as well as non-governmental organisations
(NGOs), each year fewer Thai girls enter the sex business.
ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံအတြင္ တေျဖးေျဖးျမင္႔မားလာေသာ လိင္ေစ်းကြက္လိုအပ္ခ်က္အရ ႏိုင္ငံျခားမွ အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားအား အစားထိုး သြတ္သြင္းေသာ နည္းစနစ္အား လူကုန္ကူးသူမ်ားမွတဆင္႔ သဲသြင္းေစခဲ႔သည္မွာ ထိုင္းအမ်ိဳးသားမ်ားအဖို႔ အသစ္ဆန္း လူမ်ိဳးကြဲမ်ားအား ျမည္းစမ္းလိုေသာ ဆႏၵႏွင္႔ ေစ်းႏုံန္းသက္သာျပီး အမ်ားျပား ေရြးခ်ယ္ေပ်ာ္ပါးႏိုင္ေသာေၾ
To meet the steadily high demand, foreign girls, therefore, are recruited instead. This technique is becoming more popular among racketeers because of a
plentiful supply, a cheaper price, and Thai men's desire to try "something different".
"International trafficking of sex workers needs to encroach the borders and reaching into the home of our neighbors," said Dr Kritaya.
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ဖမ္းဆီးခ်ဳပ္ေႏွာင္ခံရမွဳမွ
လုပ္ငန္းတြင္ လုပ္ကိုင္ေနရေသာ မႏု မွ ေျပာဆိုပါေၾကာင္း တင္ျပလိုက္ရပါသည္။
After Aung San Suu Kyi was freed from her arrest, most of sex workers in Thailand because of economic crisis and political suppression on woman in their homeland eagerly expect to go back to their homes and to stand on equal political and economic rights. “We do not see transparent change for grass roots and it is changing on the surface as a cosmetic change”, said Ma Nu who is still working in a brothel house in Thailand.
ေက်းဇူးတင္ပါသည္။
ဂိုလ္ရွယ္ေလး
တင္ျပထားေသာ ေဆာင္းပါသည္ ႏိုင္ငံတကာႏွင္႔ လက္ေတြ ျဖတ္သန္းေနရသူ အမ်ိဳးသမီးတို႔မွ ဖြင္႔ဟ ၀န္ခံခ်က္မ်ား အျဖစ္ပ်က္မ်ားအား ေကာက္ႏုတ္တင္ျပထားေသာ ခိုင္လံုသည့္ သက္ေသ အေထာက္ထားမ်ားျဖစ္ပါသည္။
(တရုတ္နယ္စပ္မွ အေၾကြပန္းမ်ားအေၾကာင္း စြန္႔စား၇ိုက္ကူးထားေသာ ဓါတ္ပံုအေထာက္ထားမ်ားႏွင္႔ တိက်စြာ မၾကာခင္ တင္ျပပါဦးမည္) ၾကိဳက္သေလာက္ရွယ္ႏိုင္ပါသည္
ျမန္မာျပည္၏ ပန္းေတာ္ဦး ေရာင္းရန္ရိွသည္
ဂိုလ္ရွယ္ေလး
၁၉၈၈ ေသြးေျမက် စစ္အာဏာသိမ္းမွဳၾကီး၏ အက်ိဳးဆက္ရလဒ္က ဥပေဒမဲ႔အေျခေနတခုလံုးဆီသို႔
In the aftermath of the second military bloody coup in 1988 the lawless situation deteriorated further. The authorities continue to enjoy absolute impunity for all violations of political and economic rights and rule of law is denied throughout the country resulting in the collapse of individual economic life and leading to general poverty.
စစ္အစိုးရဆိုေသာ ေခါင္းစဥ္၏ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္မွဳေအာက္တြင္ ျမန္မာ စစ္အာဏာပိုင္မ်ားက ေက်းလက္ေဒသမ်ားတြင္ သူတို႔ကို သူတို႔ မဟာ စစ္ဘုရင္ၾကီးမ်ားသဖြယ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္လုပ္ကိုင္ၾကျပီး ထိုေက်းလက္ေဒသမ်ားတြင္၇ိွေသ
Under the military government, Burmese Army commanders act as warlords in rural areas where they order the village headmen and local authorities as they wish.
ျမန္မာ စစ္အစိုးရမွ “ကိုဖန္ကန္း သေဘာတူစာခ်ဳပ္” ဟုအမည္ရေသာ ယူအန္ႏွင္႔ ပတ္သက္ေသာ အဖြဲ႔စည္းမ်ားျဖစ္သည္႔ အေရးပါေသာ အဖြဲ႔ ကုလသမဂၢ ဖြံ႔ျဖိဳးတိုးတက္ေရး အစီစဥ္ အဖြဲ႔ ( ယူအန္ဒီပီ)၏ သေဘာတူခ်က္ကို မ်က္ႏွာလြဲခဲပစ္လုပ္ထားပံုမ
While the military regime ignores the Copenhagen agreement, some UN agencies, mainly the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), disregard the 1986 UN Declaration on the Right to Development.
ေၾကးလက္ေဒသမ်ား၏ ေန႔တဓူ၀ ၀င္ေငြရွာပံုမွာ ေတာက္တိုမယ္ရေလးမ်ားေရာင္းခ
Income in rural areas is earned by selling consumer goods and chai (illegal lottery tickets), trading, dress-making, mat-knotting, plant growing and rice harvesting. However there are large numbers of unemployed women, many of whom enter Thailand, China and other Asia region, illegally to find work in the fishing, construction and sex industries. Selling sex is culturally unacceptable in Burma, but due to deteriorating economic conditions, low wages and unemployment, women from different communities and classes have become sex workers in order to survive.
ျမန္မာ အစိုးရမွ ဆင္ႏြဲလာေသာ စစ္မက္ျဖစ္ပြါးေနသည္ေဒသအတြင
Many women in the war conflict zone waged by Myanmar government have also fled their homes and illegally migrated to Thailand in the face of rape, arbitrary arrest, summary execution and forced labour. Women are deceived by (often female) traffickers into believing that they will have a good job in Thailand, but are then forced into prostitution, resulting in the massive spread of HIV/AIDS.
လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖေရးလုပ္ငန္း (ျပည္႔တန္ဆာ)၏ မူရင္းေရေသာက္ျမစ္သည္ အမ်ိဳးသမီးတို႔၏ အညီမ်ွခံစားပိုင္ခြင႔္ရိွေသ
The root cause of prostitution is family poverty directly related to a lack of equal economic rights for women and is perpetuated by the military regime - the same regime which ratified by tricking to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW).
ထပ္မံ အတည္ျပဳတင္ျပရေသာ္၊ ျပည္နယ္တိုင္းဆိုင္ရာ အာဏာပိုင္မ်ားႏွင္႔ ျမန္မာ စစ္ဘက္ဆိုင္ရာ အရာရိွမ်ားကိုယ္တိုင္ပင္ လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖေရးလုပ္ငန္းႏွင
Additionally, state authorities and Burmese Army commanders are also involved in the sex trade and prostitution. Since the brothel business is illegal in Burma, brothel owners must pay bribes to authorities and army commanders for permission to operate or involve them as shareholders. In some cases, the authorities or army commanders also operate brothels for extra income.
ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံအတြင္း အမ်ားက သတိမျပဳမိေသာ လိင္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖမွဳေရာင္း၀ယ္ေရ
Most sex tourists in Thailand are unaware they may actually not be with a Thai woman at all... in fact, it's highly likely the woman may be from Myanmar (or Cambodia, Laos...). Burmese women can be found working in many countries in the Asia region, including domestically and it's reported that Nagis catastrophic typhoon has led to a huge increase of commercial sex workers in the capital Yangon.
ထိုင္းႏိုငံအတြင္းမွ ျပည္႔တန္ဆာလုပ္ငန္းသည္ အေျခေန ပံုစံတမ်ိဳးသို႔ အလွည္႔ေျပာင္းျဖစ္ေနေလျပီ၊ အေၾကာင္းမွာ ျပည္႔တန္ဆာလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအား ထိုင္းအမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားကုိယ္တ
Prostitution in Thailand is changing its face. Because of persistent
campaigning by the government as well as non-governmental organisations
(NGOs), each year fewer Thai girls enter the sex business.
ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံအတြင္ တေျဖးေျဖးျမင္႔မားလာေသာ လိင္ေစ်းကြက္လိုအပ္ခ်က္အရ ႏိုင္ငံျခားမွ အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားအား အစားထိုး သြတ္သြင္းေသာ နည္းစနစ္အား လူကုန္ကူးသူမ်ားမွတဆင္႔ သဲသြင္းေစခဲ႔သည္မွာ ထိုင္းအမ်ိဳးသားမ်ားအဖို႔ အသစ္ဆန္း လူမ်ိဳးကြဲမ်ားအား ျမည္းစမ္းလိုေသာ ဆႏၵႏွင္႔ ေစ်းႏုံန္းသက္သာျပီး အမ်ားျပား ေရြးခ်ယ္ေပ်ာ္ပါးႏိုင္ေသာေၾ
To meet the steadily high demand, foreign girls, therefore, are recruited instead. This technique is becoming more popular among racketeers because of a
plentiful supply, a cheaper price, and Thai men's desire to try "something different".
"International trafficking of sex workers needs to encroach the borders and reaching into the home of our neighbors," said Dr Kritaya.
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ဖမ္းဆီးခ်ဳပ္ေႏွာင္ခံရမွဳမွ
လုပ္ငန္းတြင္ လုပ္ကိုင္ေနရေသာ မႏု မွ ေျပာဆိုပါေၾကာင္း တင္ျပလိုက္ရပါသည္။
After Aung San Suu Kyi was freed from her arrest, most of sex workers in Thailand because of economic crisis and political suppression on woman in their homeland eagerly expect to go back to their homes and to stand on equal political and economic rights. “We do not see transparent change for grass roots and it is changing on the surface as a cosmetic change”, said Ma Nu who is still working in a brothel house in Thailand.
ေက်းဇူးတင္ပါသည္။
ဂိုလ္ရွယ္ေလး
တင္ျပထားေသာ ေဆာင္းပါသည္ ႏိုင္ငံတကာႏွင္႔ လက္ေတြ ျဖတ္သန္းေနရသူ အမ်ိဳးသမီးတို႔မွ ဖြင္႔ဟ ၀န္ခံခ်က္မ်ား အျဖစ္ပ်က္မ်ားအား ေကာက္ႏုတ္တင္ျပထားေသာ ခိုင္လံုသည့္ သက္ေသ အေထာက္ထားမ်ားျဖစ္ပါသည္။
(တရုတ္နယ္စပ္မွ အေၾကြပန္းမ်ားအေၾကာင္း စြန္႔စား၇ိုက္ကူးထားေသာ ဓါတ္ပံုအေထာက္ထားမ်ားႏွင္႔ တိက်စြာ မၾကာခင္ တင္ျပပါဦးမည္) ၾကိဳက္သေလာက္ရွယ္ႏိုင္ပါသည္
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